259 results
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypocalcemia • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Primary hyperparathyroidism ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism ... Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... : Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... Destruction of parathyroid ... sunlight • Other Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Radial Fracture Due to Parathyroid Carcinoma- ...A plain radiograph of the left arm showed a diaphyseal
Fracture Due to Parathyroid ... diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism ... which is a rare cause ... of primary hyperparathyroidism ... radial #fracture #hyperparathyroidism
The pathophysiology of Primary hyperparathyroidism
#Pathophysiology #PrimaryHyperparathyroidism #Parathyroid gland #Hyperparathyroidism
The pathophysiology ... of Primary hyperparathyroidism ... #Pathophysiology ... PrimaryHyperparathyroidism #Parathyroid ... gland #Hyperparathyroidism
Iron Deficiency - Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms

#Iron #Deficiency #Pathophysiology #diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Iron Deficiency - Pathophysiology ... , Signs and Symptoms ... Iron #Deficiency #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia

#Pathophysiology #Hemolytic #Anemia #hematology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Pathophysiology, ... Signs and Symptoms ... Hemolytic Anemia #Pathophysiology ... hematology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
vast majority of cases ... production - Hyperparathyroidism ... Incr levels of parathyroid ... CPPD #Disease #Signs ... #Symptoms #Pathophysiology