189 results
Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases. The kidney is a principally responsible organ for
aldosterone, and parathyroid ... broad range of signs ... presents with signs ... #hypocalcemia ... #electrolyte #algorithm
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... Algorithm (PTH ... = parathyroid hormone ... ; PTHrp: parathyroid ... #Hypercalcemia #
Hypocalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone.)

#Hypocalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypocalcemia Evaluation ... Algorithm (PTH ... = parathyroid hormone ... #Hypocalcemia #Evaluation ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid ... adenoma, Parathyroid ... hyperplasia, Parathyroid ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... Hypoparathyroidism • Parathyroid ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... kidney disease #Hypocalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia
Chvostek's Sign - Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia

Chvostek's sign is described as the twitching of facial muscles
Chvostek's Sign ... Physical Exam - Hypocalcemia ... Chvostek's sign ... Chvostek's sign ... #Chvosteks #Signs
Hypocalcemia is an electrolyte imbalance and is indicated by a low level of calcium in the
Hypocalcemia is ... the actions of parathyroid ... overview #symptoms #signs
Mechanism of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Abbreviations: 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid ... Pathophys #Diagnosis #Hypercalcemia