71 results
Plasmodium - Identification Algorithm
 • P. falciparum: RINGS AND GAMETOCYTES PREDOMINATE, Small delicate rings, <1/3 size
Multiple rings/RBC ... • P. malariae: ALL ... schizonts • P. vivax: ALL ... merozoites • P. ovale: ALL ... Identification #Algorithm #pathology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Pathophysiology ... Signs and Symptoms ... Nucleotidase • ALT ... on but elevated as ... obstruction • ALP
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria,
Cell Carcinoma (RCC ... Symptoms of metastatic ... bone pain and ↑ ALP ... Hypercalcemia 4. ↑ AST, ALT ... , and/or ALP 5.
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... tumor burden • Symptoms
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP ... Diagnosis Algorithm ALP ... - Increased ALP ... Surgical consult ALP ... #Phosphatase #ALP
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
One allele of RB1 ... gene mutated in all ... Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
in 1923 Low ALP ... adult population: also ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Diagnosis Algorithm Symptoms ... Associated history: Symptoms ... Elevated ALP 2. ... consistent with PBC ... #PBC #Primary
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
of Pregnancy (AFLP ... ) Pathophysiology ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... Findings: • ↑AST/ALT ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
- Symptoms of ... reported (eg AIH-PBC ... Anti-LKM & Anti-ALC ... immunosuppressive tx: - ALT ... > 10x ULN - ALT