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management differential oncology aflp apml comparison differentiation edema encephalopathy fatty hepatology hodgkins infections infectiousdiseases leukemia leukostasis liver lymphoma lysis mycobacteria
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary Epidemiology 1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... at the time of diagnosis ... e.g. incidental CXR
Differentiation Syndrome in APML Epidemiology: • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study) • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... common • Imaging: CXR ... : >3 symptoms, or ... #management #hematology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions TRALI: • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... fluid balance, and CXR ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology: • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... = nonspecific (nausea ... AP, ↑INR, ↑BUN/Cr ... ) Differential Diagnosis
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework NCPE Pathophysiology: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... ischemic changes CXR ... respiratory distress syndrome ... #cardiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... manifestations, hypoxia, CXR ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
ingestion • B symptoms ... ) Classification ... lymph node biopsy (diagnostic ... #classification ... #hematology #oncology
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... Lady Windermere Syndrome ... : • Syndrome of ... Hematologic malignancy ... • Clinical (Symptoms
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