9 results
ANTI-MDA5 DERMATOMYOSITIS

Cutaneous manifestations:
• Periorbital heliotrope (blue-purple) rash with edema
• Erythematous rash on the face, or the
chest (in a V-sign ... shoulders (in a shawl sign ... Inverse Gottron’s sign ... ulcerations • Skin ... 50% of cases • Skin
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium ... Hyperparathyroidism: ↑PTH, ↓→Calcium ... Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
Calcium homeostasis ... synthesis in the skin ... increase serum calcium ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Dermatomyositis (DM) and Polymyositis (PM): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Elevated Antinuclear Antibodies: Anti-Jo-1, Anti-OJ, Anti-Mi2, Anti-SRP, Anti-EJ,
Dermatomyositis ... processes occur in the skin ... regeneration, diffuse CD8 ... PM #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... tunnel, OSA, Incr skin ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... , Trousseau sign ... hair, Dry, scaly skin ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium
Sweet Syndrome

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweets Syndrome) is a skin condition characterized by fever and inflamed
Syndrome) is a skin ... inflamed or blistered skin ... Episcleritis Signs ... multiforme - Dermatomyositis ... - CBC may also
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... cold & mottled skin ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... fibrosis. 4) Calcium ... nodes: 13-15%, skin ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs