78 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... rectal reflex. ... symptoms #msk #orthopedics
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... and Hyperreflexia ... Acute spinal cord injury ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... in spinal cord injury
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Motor Function Shoulder ... , T1 (median) Reflexes ... spared in this injury ... Anterior Shoulder ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... • Intrinsic Causes ... involved) - Tendon reflex ... in deep tendon reflexes
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... Awareness • Injury ... myoclonic movements, tremors ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Hippocratic Shoulder Reduction 
Shoulder reduction is the process of returning the shoulder to its normal position
In cases where closed ... confirm success and ... axillary nerve injury ... Reduction #MSK #PhysicalExam ... #Procedure #Orthopedics
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... Nerve V: • TMJ syndrome ... Temporal arteritis should ... Gastroesophageal reflux ... gastroesophageal reflux
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
Orthopedic Emergencies ... affected part should ... • Syndrome caused ... after an acute injury ... reflex activity
Causes of Growth Discrepancy: Large for Gestational Age - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Maternal Factors:
 • Multiparity
 •
Causes of Growth ... Aboriginal, Hispanic, and ... Complications: • Shoulder ... dystocia • Birth injury ... brachial plexus injury
Drop Arm Test - Supraspinatus Tear

The drop arm test evaluates for a supraspinatus muscle tear.
Passively adduct
Passively adduct the shoulder ... to 90 degrees, flex ... to 30 degrees, and ... #PhysicalExam # ... #sports #msk #orthopedics