10 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... transplant - SLE High ... LMW heparin - ACE-I ... Low Renin - Diabetes ... Algorithm #diagnosis #differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Drug-induced • High ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... drugs • ACE
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2.
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Aldosterone) - Diabetic ... Aldosterone) - ACE ... Renin, Normal or High ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2.
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... combination with ACE ... Diabetes, diabetic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #High
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... #Pharmacology #Medications
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... circulation: MCA ACA ... Reversible course Differential ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Approach to Tracheostomy Emergencies - OnePager Summary
COMPONENTS OF A TRACHEOSTOMY TUBE:
 • Obturator - inserted into
Pilot balloon ... consistent for all ... Surgical management ... will be required (high ... Emergencies #diagnosis #differential