33 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes hypokalemia metabolic low management syndrome chloride hyperkalemia medications pathophysiology diuresis high metabolicalkalosis nongap summary table treatment
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... intake, Diuretics ... -: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron 1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) 2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol) 3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g. ... #pharmacology # ... nephrology #medications
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... intake, Diuretics ... -: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... summary #table #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... responsive metabolic alkalosis ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High Al ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3) Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?) (+)
Likely Metabolic Alkalosis ... Adenoma • Remote Diuretics ... Contraction Urine Cl ... Barter, or Gitelman ... Elevated #metabolic #alkalosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Thiazide or loop diuretics ... after renal tubule diuretic ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Blood gas analysis Metabolic alkalosis Measured urine CI < 10 mEq/L Saline responsive > 10 mEg/L Not saline responsive - Vomiting or NG
analysis Metabolic alkalosis ... excess - Distant diuretics ... Bartter syndrome - Gitelman ... syndrome - Potassium ... intake - Recent diuretics
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