9 results
diagnosis differential causes hypokalemia algorithm high management metabolic aniongap chloride diuresis excretion gitelman k low medications nongap pathophysiology renal syndrome
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Renal tubular acidosis ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... : Emesis, Diuretics ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Redistribution: Acidosis ... hyperchloremic acidosis ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl ... gtt - Only in acidosis ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... (renal potassium ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
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