15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
Alice in Wonderland ... Syndrome What? ... Systemic (toxic/metabolic ... @neudrawlogy #Alice ... #diagnosis #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Syndrome is a rare ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
ascending limb Gitelman ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low