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Pneumonia on Chest Xray and POCUS

Extensive pneumonia in lower left lobe (red arrow). 
POCUS: Dynamic air
Pneumonia on Chest ... POCUS: Dynamic air ... #POCUS #CXR #Comparison ... #Clinical #Lung ... #Pulmonary #Clinical
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
reflection) Pneumonia ... severe cases - Dynamic ... Distress Syndrome (ARDS ... #differential # ... #POCUS #ultrasound
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
• Interstitial lung ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Neuromascular Weakness • Pleural ... Abnormalities • Chest ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
hemorrhage • Pus: pneumonia ... • Water: pulmonary ... COPD/asthma • Pleural ... atelectasis • Lung ... #Hypoxia #differential
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
diseases in HIV/AIDS ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... Castleman's disease • Pleural ... #diseases #differential ... #diagnosis #chestCT
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
in HIV - Differential ... • Pleuritic chest ... , pleural effusion ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
: Atelectasis, ARDS ... , Pneumonia and ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia ... #differential #
A-Lines vs B-Lines on Lung POCUS
A-Lines:
 • Predominately horizontal lines
 • A-lines are repeated horizontal &
POCUS A-Lines: ... come from the pleura ... edema, ARDS, pneumonia ... #POCUS #pulmonary ... #clinical #comparison
Lung sliding & pneumonia on POCUS
The differential diagnosis for absence of lung sliding includes pneumonia; however,
Lung sliding & pneumonia ... on POCUS The differential ... from the anterior chest ... #POCUS #clinical ... #ultrasound #pulmonary
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... blood cells in the lung ... infiltrates on chest ... dyspnea, tachypnea, hypoxemia ... scattered crackles, chest