20 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
to GBM disruption ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... and/or proteinuria ... have glomerular hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
- Normal/low Proteinuria ... - ++++ Hematuria ... - ++ Hematuria ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... syndrome: • ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
glomerular disease (hematuria ... , proteinuria) ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... PCR 50% sensitive ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... Hematuria may be ... #nephrotic #syndrome ... #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
status, and focal neurologic ... Demyelinating disease caused ... effect/Edema • EBV ... confusion, and focal neurologic ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology