14 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #causes ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
glomerular disease (hematuria ... , proteinuria) ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... symptomatology Differential ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Urine Color - Differential ... Hyperoxalirua, Heavy Proteinuria ... Syndrome - UTI caused ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... virus • CMV • EBV ... Good indicator to differentiate ... CNS #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology