22 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... Algorithm #Workup #urology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
glomerulopathies • Causes ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... Bladder Causes ... urinary tract) Causes ... #urology #nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
of Macroscopic Hematuria ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC BPPV after Dix Hallpike Maneuver

This is a case of posterior semicircular canal
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC ... BPPV after Dix ... Maneuver This is a case ... Hallpike #Maneuver #clinical ... ophthalmology #neurology
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC BPPV after Dix Hallpike Maneuver

This is a case of right posterior semicircular
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC ... BPPV after Dix ... Maneuver This is a case ... Hallpike #Maneuver #clinical ... ophthalmology #neurology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
overt glomerular proteinuria ... Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
investigations depending on clinical ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
Management Summary CLINICAL ... Nephritic syndrome (Casts ... ) • Marked proteinuria ... 15% macroscopic haematuria ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology