36 results
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis Algorithms
1) Normal Glomerulus by LM
2) Glomerular Crescents
3) Double Contours of GBM
4) Endocapillary
Double Contours of GBM ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #pathology
Mycophenolate Mofetil versus Cyclophosphamide for Induction Treatment of Lupus Nephritis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678035/

Mycophenolate versus Azathioprine as Maintenance Therapy
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc ... VisualAbstract #Nephrology ... #EBM #MMF
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... splenomegaly Other infections ... multiple lesions Infectious ... causes #radiology #neurology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
feel weak": • Infectious ... : Influenza, EBV ... Critical illness, Infection ... ↓, Malignancy, Infection ... Diagnosis #causes #neurology
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 • C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 • P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
Strauss) Anti-GBM ... Mediated: • ↓C3: Infection-Related ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
status, and focal neurologic ... • JC-virus PCR ... effect/Edema • EBV ... confusion, and focal neurologic ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
cryoglobulinemia, post-infectious ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... Linear, ribbon-like GBM ... staining on IF • No EM ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
disease, Anti-GBM ... Immune-mediated, Infection-mediated ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
GN: ANCA, Anti-GBM ... AIN: Medication, Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Dextrose in water @ 3cc ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... rate #management #nephrology