18 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes hypokalemia low rhabdomyolysis syndrome diuresis excretion k kdigo medications pathophysiology pharmacology renal summary table urine
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... • IV Fluids Shift ... function) - Loop diuretic ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Syndrome • HTN, High ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... plasma insulin (treatment ... use), Gitelman's ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... • Reconsider treatment ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #treatment #potassium ... #high
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... • K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... (renal potassium ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... • K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... #high #nephrology
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