47 results
diagnosis differential causes hyperkalemia management algorithm nephrology pharmacology treatment hypokalemia high classification table acl clinical comparison drugs injury knee msk
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Transcellular shifts ... nephrology #low #potassium
Pivot-Shift Test in ACL-deficient Knee This patient has pathologic varus alignment across the knee and a chronic
Pivot-Shift Test ... dr.dold.md #Pivot #Shift ... #PivotShift #test
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 Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
caused by excess potassium ... intake, impaired potassium ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... adapt to excess potassium
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 Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... Hyperkalemia #management #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Antiarrhythmic Drugs CLASS IA • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide CLASS 1B • Lidocaine, Mexiletine CLASS 2 • Propranolol, Esmolol CLASS 4
Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... Antiarrhythmic #Medications
Normal (Negative) Pivot-Shift Test for ACL Knee Injury Andrew Dold, MD @dr.dold.md #Pivot #Shift #PivotShift #test #ACL #Knee
Negative) Pivot-Shift ... dr.dold.md #Pivot #Shift ... #PivotShift #test
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 Antiarrhythmic Medications - Vaughan Williams Classification - Summary Table Class I agents - Sodium Channel Blockers⠀ Class II
Antiarrhythmic Medications ... Class III agents - Potassium ... Antiarrhythmic #Medications
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