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differential causes algorithm hyperkalemia hypokalemia management high low rhabdomyolysis treatment gitelman medications pharmacology summary syndrome urine
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
- Differential Diagnosis ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... Transcellular shifts ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... Supplement: • Potassium ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
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