11 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
of lumbosacral joint ... Stork test) • XR ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
ligaments and joint ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
dislocated major joint ... can't make A-OK sign ... Splint: Posterior long ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
tendon is 15cm long ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
Vascular Joint Pain ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - ... e.g. fractured long ... #Algorithm #Orthopedics
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pleural effusion on CXR ... cause interstitial lung ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Causes of Bone/Joint Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Vaso-occlusive pain:
 • Mechanism: ischemic pain
 • Can present
Causes of Bone/Joint ... Generally affects long ... predispose to other orthopedic ... • XR, MRI to ... #differential #diagnosis
Galeazzi Fracture 
Fracture of distal radial shaft with distal radial-ulnar joint disruption. Remember “MUGR” to recall
radial-ulnar joint ... will be obvious; signs ... Splint: Posterior long ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... granulomas within the lungs ... e.g. incidental CXR ... #Management #Signs
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
cycle to uncover pathophysiology ... Assessing ROSC during CPR ... the heart to the lung ... oscillations - Sign ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis