2594 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Electrolyte imbalance → Polydipsia ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider: Primary polydipsia ... #differential #algorithm
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... Both: Polyuria, polydipsia
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... polyuria, and polydipsia ... details of the pathophysiology ... #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... kg) • Primary Polydipsia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm ... diuresis) 1° polydipsia ... Hyponatremia #Treatment #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Psychogenic Polydipsia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Pathophysiology

#Polycythemia #Erythrocytosis #Pathophysiology #hematology #algorithm #differential #diagnosis
Erythrocytosis) - Pathophysiology ... Erythrocytosis #Pathophysiology ... #hematology #algorithm
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Box C: Primary Polydipsia ... Hyponatremia #Diagnosis #Algorithm