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Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... pain • Nausea • Polyuria ... , and death DKA ... 200 mg/dL #DKA
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
symptoms of HHS/DKA ... : Both: Polyuria ... , hypotension) DKA ... #EM #IM #Endo #DKA
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... pain • Nausea • Polyuria ... , and death DKA ... 200 mg/dL #DKA
Typical Clinical Features of DKA:
 - 
Acetone breath 
 - Tachycardia 
 - Soft Bp
Clinical Features of DKA ... Abdominal pain - Polyuria ... #Ketoacidosis #DKA
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... → Glucosuria → Polyuria ... Polydipsia #dka
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... ) DKA is a result ... In DKA, the normal ... hyponatremia, polyuria ... #Ketoacidosis #DKA
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Findings • Note: in DKA ... Treating DKA: 1) ... Polyphagia • Polyuria ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Ketoacidosis (AKA ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... • Euglycemic DKA ... State (HHS) • DKA
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... 10% to 30% of DKA ... common trigger for DKA ... 2.6% to 3.2% of DKA ... #DKA #EDKA #Insulin
Causes of Frequency, Nocturia, Polyuria

#Frequency #Nocturia #Polyuria #Causes #Differential #Urology #Table
Frequency, Nocturia, Polyuria ... Frequency #Nocturia #Polyuria