22 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI Uptake - Poor ... and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium ... #Low #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... Hypernatremia #Classification ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... • poor oral intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #Classification
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... 100 FEMg <2% = poor ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... predictive of poor ... can be high or low ... Hypervolemia with poor ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Differential Diagnosis Poor ... Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Malnutrition, poor ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... diuretics, Aminoglycosides ... diagnosis #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic