77 results
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Portal Hypertension ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... HTN Signs of portal ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... • Budd Chiari syndrome
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... pleura in severe cases ... bilateral B-lines - Normal ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... unilateral B-lines - Normal
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
The most common cause ... from the various causes ... Look for other signs ... may still have a normal ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... cardiac disease • Normal ... • Heart size: Normal ... ECHO: • Normal ... chamber size • Normal
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
of Breathing Normal ... —20 per min in normal ... It may be fast, normal ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... are normal.
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #causes
Radial Head Elbow Fracture with displaced Fat Pads
Intra-Articular Fracture of the Elbow with displaced fat pads
be seen in most normal ... So even in a case ... called the “Sail sign ... Fracture #trauma #clinical ... #radiology #msk
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Demyelinating Disease (MS ... heavy metals), Critical ... Shellfish poisoning, Meds ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... patients with clinically ... stimulation Clinical ... daily 3-5 days - Oral ... mg) without an oral