28 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... tenderness • Positive ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... #Hoffmanns #Sign ... #Reflex #Positive ... #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
In these cases, ... a patient with signs ... there is a high position ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
supine or erect position ... left decubitus position ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... #diagnosis #neurology
Gout (Gouty Arthritis) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Eccentric soft-tissue densities surrounding the third proximal interphalangeal
Radiology Imaging ... mass and NO prior signs ... Differential diagnosis ... Tendon Sheath - Nodular ... #Radiology #diagnosis
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
to diagnose the case ... excludes other differentials ... that’s called “clinical ... ’s called Frog sign ... #Neck #Frog #Sign
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk