13 results
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... #differential # ... ophthalmology #Neurology
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... head in dependent position ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... Killers #Lethal #Fatal
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... without an obvious cause ... signs or symptoms ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... #diagnosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... CNS symptoms (headache ... Skin lesions • Positive ... Behcet disease) Differential ... diagnosis #management #signs
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Ocular- 50%: Ptosis ... life-threatening Differential ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Renal Mass - Differential ... Carcinoma - No signs ... Cystic #RenalMass #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... systemic sx + signs ... claudication, headaches ... Biopsies remain positive ... GCA #Temporal #Signs
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... 50 years • New headache ... affects the skin, neurologic ... tract, and often causes