11 results
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... • Most common cause ... Lung abscess ... seen • Chest CT ... #Abscess #pulmonary
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Antimicrobial treatment ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... enhancement on CT ... and <25% culture positive ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... mucogenicum • HIV ... Advanced HIV (CD4 ... Imaging, high res CT ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
infections are caused ... SOT, Advanced HIV ... presentations: • Pulmonary ... Rhinosinusitis, CNS ... AspGM can be also positive
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
CT: Halo sign ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... factor • May cause ... #AIDS #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
, verrucous) - Lung ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... nodes • Roth’s spots ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... #infectiousdiseases
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
verrucous) • Lung ... Blood cultures are positive ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... nodes • Roth’s spots ... Septic Emboli Cause
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Inhalation of spores ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... Sinusitis • Brain abscess ... infection have positive ... ) #Mycoses #InfectiousDiseases
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
suspected) - CT ... chest; CT abdomen ... Treat underlying cause ... interventional radiology ... renal failure, pulmonary
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

Granulomatous Lesions comprising langerin-positive histiocytes and an inflammatory infiltrate can arise in virtually
comprising langerin-positive ... • Pulmonary Symptoms ... CNS involvement: ... Imaging: X-rays, CT ... TREATMENT OPTIONS