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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... in HIV - Differential ... : • Upper lung ... , pleural effusion ... AIDS #pulmonary #differential
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Pulmonary Diseases - Pneumonia ... Pneumothorax - Effusion ... Pulmonary #Diseases #Radiology ... #Patterns #Lung ... XRay #ChestCT #Differential
Main Lung Ultrasound differences between COVID-19 involvement and other conditions that may yield respiratory symptoms
 •
Main Lung Ultrasound ... superimposed bacterial pneumonia ... Large pleural effusion ... COVID19 #POCUS #Lung ... #Ultrasound #Comparison
Lung ultrasound pathology in a COVID-19 positive patient
 - Few B-lines (vertical white lines)
 - Confluent
Lung ultrasound ... in a COVID-19 positive ... Small Tiny Pleural Effusions ... POCUS #Clinical #Lung ... #Ultrasound #SARSCoV2
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Ultrasound Findings ... pleura reflection) Pneumonia ... Possible bilateral effusion ... #pulmonary #differential ... #POCUS #ultrasound
Hemothorax - Thoracic ultrasound in trauma
False positive for consolidated lung- organized clot in pleural space after
Hemothorax - Thoracic ultrasound ... trauma False positive ... for consolidated lung ... Hemothorax #Thoracic #ultrasound ... trauma #pulmonary #effusion
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... Algorithm Ventilation/perfusion ... • Interstitial lung ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
Lobar pneumonia ... is in a normal position ... weight loss or long ... an acute lobar pneumonia ... #Clinical #Radiology
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
., NHL; Lung cancer ... Parapneumonic effusion ... (NHL, primary effusion ... pulmonary #diseases #differential ... diagnosis #chestCT #radiology
Etiologies of pulmonary infections according to CT-scan patterns. 
CMV cytomegalovirus, GM galactomannan, HSV herpes simplex virus,
- Viral pneumonia ... Aspergillosis PLEURAL EFFUSION ... - Bacterial pneumonia ... Patterns #Pulmonary #Lung ... ComputedTomography #Differential