16 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Imaging: - MRI ... Infections in HIV ... #CNS #Infections
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... Bell's palsy (HSV ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... Aura, Multiple Sclerosis
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... cells in the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Algorithm Endocrine ... • Malignancy Infectious ... Hepatitis • HIV ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Depression • Multiple Sclerosis
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Algorithm Red ... history of cancer, HIV ... brain lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g. ... #Algorithm #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... suggestive of multiple sclerosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... important, as early diagnosis ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology