33 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... region tumors - Multiple ... Sclerosis - Hydrocephalus ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... Sclerosis Diagnosis ... #sclerosis #diagnosis ... #management #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... Sclerosis and other ... causes #radiology #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
important, as early diagnosis ... Behcet disease • Multiple ... sclerosis • Neuromyelitis ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #diagnosis
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... region tumors • Multiple ... sclerosis • Hydrocephalus ... neudrawlogy #Parinauds #syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
One-and-a-Half Syndrome
1 - One eye cannot move AT ALL horizontally
1/2 - The other eye can only
One-and-a-Half Syndrome ... Demyelination (Multiple ... Sclerosis), Stroke ... OneAndAHalf #One #Half #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #neurology
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis ... of Multiple Sclerosis ... McDonald #Criteria #Diagnosis ... #Multiple #Sclerosis ... #MS #neurology
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Wallenberg syndrome ... Vestibular migraines, Multiple ... sclerosis - ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Differential Diagnosis ... sclerosis • Syringomyelia ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Depression • Multiple ... Sclerosis • Stroke ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome