5 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa ... #casts #glucosuria ... #hematuria
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... Intrarenal: stones, crystals
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... , crystals, protein ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... Discontinuation of causal ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... Lupusreference #druginduced
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL)
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent, 4:1 to 1:1 F:M
10% of all lupus cases ... to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... terbinafine, thiazidic, PPI ... • Immunologic Workup ... Lupusreference #DrugInduced