11 results
Diagnostic algorithm for the workup of hypercalcemia. The diagnostic workup for patients presenting with hypercalcemia rests
algorithm for the workup ... The diagnostic workup ... values. ... calcium-creatinine ratio cutoff value ... Hypercalcemia #Workup
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... High or Normal PTH ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Phosphate, Low PTH ... Phosphate, High PTH ... #Hypocalcemia #Workup ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Normal or High PTH ... Normal or Low PTH ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Overview of Cranial Nerves
I: Olfactory
II: Optic
III Oculomotor
IV: Trochlear
V: Trigeminal
  V1: Ophthalmic
  V2: Maxillary
Glossopharyngeal X: Vagus ... Alex Dai, MD, MPH ... @alexludai #neurology
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Hemorrhagic (IPH ... fib, prosthetic valves ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... UA with urine pH ... : • Urine pH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
- Diarrhea pH ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
catheterization • BPH ... • Menstruation/Postpartum ... causes #urology #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
And BMP Normal Values ... • pH: 7.35-7.45 ... Alkalemia: • pH ... = Acidemia • pH ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology