53 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... Knee Effusions - Septic ... Post-Infectious ... Knee #Effusions #causes ... differential #diagnosis #msk
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... • Dental infections ... • Dental infections ... Temporal arteritis should ... artery aneurysm, Pott
Joint Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Monoarthritis
 • Septic
 • Crystalline
     - Gout
Monoarthritis • Septic ... Crystalline - Gout ... arthritis - (Reiter’s syndrome ... within 1 month of infection ... Erythematosus (SLE), should
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
SLE) - Viral infections ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... APLS • Acute Infectious ... Cholesterol emboli • Septic ... #rheumatology #
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Arthritis • Gout ... Legg-Calve-Perthes disease ... Leg Pain: • Infection ... Poikilothermia • Septic ... lower #extremity #msk
Inflammatory Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Monoarticular
 • Gout (Podagra, Tophi)
 • Pseudogout
 • Early
Genitourinary Infection ... -4 joints) • Gout ... Sicca) Syndrome ... Inflammatory #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
and M panel Management ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... #diagnosis #management
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
mellitus, thyroid disease ... injury (i.e. post ... a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... stages #staging #msk
Approach to Joint Pain - Diagnostic Framework

1) Chronicity
2) Inflammatory vs Non-Inflammatory
3) Number of Joints Involved

1) Chronicity:
), RA, crystal disease ... (1 joint): • Septic ... Like in this case ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... #rheumatology #
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... treatment #summary #rheumatology