9046 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... serum / urine, protein-electrophoresis ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Diagnosis and Causes ... Clinical: Dyspnea ... Myopathies, Sarcomeric Protein ... Cardiomyopathy #Diagnosis #Causes
Protein Losing Enteropathy
Clinical Presentation:
 • Volume overload: Peripheral edema, pleural effusion or ascites.
 • Gl symptoms
Protein Losing Enteropathy ... Clinical Presentation ... without apparent cause ... of protein loss ... Low-fat, High-protein
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
>10 mmHg - clinically ... hepatorenal syndrome Clues ... HTN: • Ascites protein ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... Hemorrhages • Serum proteins ... disc arterioles causes
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
mmol/L - Consider cause ... Treatment guided by clinical ... treatment indicated Protect ... Prevention - Consider cause
Pitting Edema on Physical Exam

Edema occurs when fluid that accumulates in tissues leads to swelling. When
-Causes may include ... problems, low protein ... PhysicalExam #Pedal #Clinical
Crystalline Keratopathy on Slit Lamp Examination

Slit lamp examination demonstrated scattered refractile particles within the anterior stroma.
disorders, amino acid protein ... and iatrogenic causes ... #Keratopathy #clinical
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... lipoproteins and other proteins ... retinal ischemia causes
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
relapsing fever caused ... TBRF is caused by ... outer membrane proteins ... different membrane proteins ... microscopy #pathology #clinical