4029 results
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
significant portal HTN Signs ... HTN: • Ascites protein ... obstruction) • Lack of signs ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... for BAH include protein ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... serum / urine, protein-electrophoresis ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Courvoisier Sign or Courvoisier-Terrier Sign

States that in a patient with painless jaundice & an enlarged gallbladder
Courvoisier Sign ... Courvoisier-Terrier Sign ... quadrant mass), the cause ... therefore presumes the cause ... neoplasm until proven
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... dullness, puddle sign ... incisional). 3) Signs ... albumin and total protein
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... Hemorrhages • Serum proteins ... disc arterioles causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... hypertension and signs ... Proven age of onset ... renovascular or endocrine causes ... renal bruit or signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Mutations in proteins ... improperly folded proteins ... - Causes progressive ... of UMN and LMN signs ... Escorial criteria uses
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
OCP, Protein C & ... retinal edema caused ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Abdominal Pain - Physical Examination Signs and Maneuvers
 - Murphy's sign
 - Kehr's sign
 - McBurney's
- Kehr's sign ... - McBurney's sign ... - Psoas sign ... - Cough sign ... - Pulsatile Masses