9 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine ... Diagnosis - Caine Criteria ... Encephalopathy #Thiamine ... #diagnosis #criteria ... #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine ... Diagnosis - Caine Criteria ... - Intravenous thiamine ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... #Management #neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
- Thiamine Deficiency ... to longstanding thiamine ... (vitamin B1) deficiency ... #diagnosis #comparison ... #neurology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... presentation of Thiamine ... deficiency, consequent ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
major sweating • Thiazide ... -ß hydroxylase deficiency ... -a hydroxylase deficiency ... Severe potassium deficiency ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
11beta-hydroxylase deficiency ... 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency ... Loop diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ deficiency ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
limb Gitelman syndrome ... - Thiazide-sensitive ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... or aquaporin-2 deficiency ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Diuretics (loop/thiazide ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... • Enzyme deficiency ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Triad

Encephalopathy 
 • Disorientation 
 • Indifference 
 • Inattentiveness 
Ocular motor dysfunction
Encephalopathy #Syndrome ... Triad #Diagnosis #Neurology ... #Thiamine #Deficiency