13 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Diagnosis Algorithm Primary ... • Adenoma • Hyperplasia ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Immobilization • Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary ... • Parathyroid hyperplasia ... , adrenal, prostate ... #Causes #endocrinology
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... and Symptoms • ... #Deficiency #Signs ... #Symptoms #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypocalcemia ... Miscellaneous: Dental hypoplasia ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Primary Adrenal ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
21-OHD in the adrenal ... as "congenital adrenal ... hyperplasia". ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... disorders including hypokalemia ... bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypothyroidism, Primary
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
not a feature of primary ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... shows bilateral hyperplasia ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
• Insomnia Primary ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... #differential #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
To prevent hypokalemia ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology