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Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... tract, and often causes ... Arthralgias • Eye ... diminished, or tender pulses ... Eye -> retinopathy
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
is caused by a ... chest/abd/back pain ... valve disease ... Examine for: • Pulse ... #Dissection #diagnosis
Transient Monocular Vision loss - Differential Diagnosis
Ischemia	
 - Large artery disease (atherothrombosis, embolus, dissection).
  -
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Large artery disease ... neuropathy, vasculitis ... changes in gaze/eye ... #Ophthalmology
Seesaw nystagmus 
-> eye move in an opposed vertical fashion (one goes up while the other
commonly parasellar masses ... mesodiencephalic disease ... fibers in the optic ... Seesaw #nystagmus #ophthalmology ... #clinical #video
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Arthralgias • Eye ... < 30 years • Aorta ... claudication, pulse ... Arteritis): • Aorta ... tract, and often causes
Proptosis - Differential Diagnosis - Unilateral vs Bilateral
Unilateral:
 • Infections (can become bilateral with cavernous sinus
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fevers • Eye ... painEye redness ... Unilateral #Bilateral #Causes ... #ophthalmology
Dermatological semiology of Cutaneous Vasculitis 

Clinicopathologic correlations
 • Purpura, papules, pustules, necrosis: involvement of small vessels
Identification of causes ... Connective tissue disease ... (5%): PAN > GPA ... signs #lesions #diagnosis ... #clinical #manifestations
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
blood vessels (vasculitis ... pain, Sclera may ... inflammation tends to cause ... interstitial lung disease ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features ... Weight loss (50%) Eye ... Butterfly rash, Vasculitis ... Endocarditis, Aortic ... (20%) Renal disease
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... : Inflammatory eye ... Genital ulcers • Eye ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... Nonsurgical abdominal pain