8 results
Marcus Gunn Pupil - Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD)
Definition: Afferent loop of the pupillary light reflex
Marcus Gunn Pupil ... ) Where: Optic nerve ... * (main cause), ... Retina, Macula Main ... #Defect #RAPD #neurology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... into the deeper retinal ... ischemia causes ... macula, and/or retina ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... hemorrhages in the inner retina ... nervefiber layer -> Retinal ... of the terminal retinal ... lesions in the inner retinal
Secondary Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Open-Angle Secondary Glaucoma:
 • Pre-trabecular defect -> Aqueous outflow is obstructed
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... influx and NO in retinal ... ganglion cells -> Retinal ... > Apoptosis of retinal ... #ophthalmology
Pupillary Hippus

The pupillary hippus is defined as a continuous oscillation of the pupillary diameter in the
Its pathophysiology ... the oculomotor nerve ... #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
pathways occur at the retina ... activation of retina-driven ... the trigeminal nerve ... #ophthalmology ... #Neurology
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Risk factors -> Incr IOP, Incr age, African-American
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... influx and NO in retinal ... ganglion cells -> Retinal ... > Apoptosis of retinal ... #ophthalmology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Mutism Pathophysiology ... threat Cranial Nerves ... Reflexes: • Pupillary ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose