23 results
Convergence Retraction Nystagmus with a left 6th nerve palsy

Caused by a Midbrain hemorrhage

Dr. Boby Varkey Maramattom
nerve palsy Caused ... by a Midbrain hemorrhage ... retraction #nystagmus #ocular ... clinical #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential ... #diagnosis #ocular
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central Causes ... Vertigo Peripheral Causes ... Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN ... Cerebellar infarct or hemorrhage ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
Unilateral Mydriasis: CN ... response, Serotonin syndrome ... Miosis: Horner's syndrome ... Neuro: Pontine hemorrhage ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
CN VI palsy ... • Neurologic ... a mass as the cause ... Trauma • Subdural Hemorrhage ... #Ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
CN III palsy 2. ... Neurogenic Ptosis - Neurologic ... #Ptosis #neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #ocular
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... Diagnosis: • CN ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... spondyloarthritis • Ocular ... Leukemia, Lymphoma Ocular ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology
Vitreous Hemorrhage on Ocular POCUS

What is the leading cause of this pathology in patients under 40
on Ocular POCUS ... is the leading cause ... The most common cause ... #Ocular #POCUS ... clinical #ultrasound #Ophthalmology