12 results
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... direct injury to ... ischemia - Heart failure ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... embolism +++, Heart failure ... embolism +, Heart failure ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... hypertension and signs ... papilledema, heart failure ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Traumatic brain injury ... nervous system injury ... acute respiratory failure ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
iatrogenic - Failure ... cystoscopy - Failure ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
possibly renal failure ... are not caused ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs ... #Symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
sweat Heat Injury ... AKI - Liver failure ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
retroperitoneal masses ... valve leaflet failure ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... to respiratory failure ... Escorial criteria uses ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, rhabdo/crush injury ... - Renal Failure ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Definitive in ESRD or failure