12 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Acute spinal cord injury ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... in spinal cord injury ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Chronic progressive kidney ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... , Heat stroke, Metabolic ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... differentiating kidney ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • K sparing diuretics ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... Hypotension • AMS ... unloading • Kidney ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... Elimination (see Table ... #Diagnosis #Management ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology