10 results
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
Myocarditis Diagnosis ... Cardiovascular MRI ... gallop • Abnormal ECG ... , echocardiogram ... #Diagnosis #Management
Myocarditis 

5 Principles of
Myocarditis:
1. Build clinical suspicion
2. Decide on EMBx
3. Manage acute cardiac injury
4. Manage chronic
Myocarditis ... Presentation: - Fever, Rash ... Pericarditis, Tamponade EKG ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology #summary
EKG Interpretation Cheat Sheet
1) Rate 
 - Regular - Count-Off 
 - Irregular - Count number
EKG Interpretation ... junction origin (e.g ... (e.g. ectopic atrial ... @AmyChung #EKG ... Interpretation #ECG
Approach to ECGs
Check
 - Age, gender, name
 - 25mm/s; 10mm/mV
 - 1mm = 40ms; 0.1 mV
Rate
Approach to ECGs ... : WPW, ectopic atrial ... Short QT <300-360 ms ... #Approach #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
cardiomyopathy (e.g ... hemodynamics (e.g ... LVEF recovery (e.g ... teratogenic GDMT meds (e.g ... #management #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
exam • 12-lead ECG ... flutter, or atrial ... Pericarditis or myocarditis ... Valvular disease (e.g ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Radiographic findings (eg ... resonance imaging [MRI ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual ... #management #neurology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... Differential Diagnosis ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #management #cardiology
Right Heart Catheterization - Pulmonary Artery Pressures and Calculations
PULMONARY VASCULAR RESISTANCE = (meanPAP-PCWP) / CO
 •
mortality in inferior MI ... RV dysfunction. e.g ... forward flow. e.g ... Ahmed Ghoneem, MD MSc ... artery #catheter #diagnosis
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
specific questions to ask ... indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis