18 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... required until immune ... Demyelinating disease caused ... and <25% culture positive
Hepatitis B Virus Serology and Interpretation
HBsAg - Anti-HBs - Anti-HBc - HBeAg - Anti-HBe
 - Acute
Hepatitis B Virus Serology ... carrier state (low ... (about 10% of cases ... immunity) - False-positive ... #diagnosis #laboratory
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Presentations: • Opportunistic ... opportunistic infections ... Viral hepatitis Diagnosis ... Treatment: • ART to slow ... #diagnosis
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... reconstituted immune ... • AIDS with low ... a decrease in HIV ... unintentional weight loss, nausea
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
be treated with IV ... potassium(K) & ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Diagnosis: Quantitative ... inclusions or positive ... and CD4 50 or less ... : • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... potassium • Beta ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
infections are caused ... impaired cellular immune ... SOT, Advanced HIV ... AspGM can be also positive ... associated with low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia (ICL) / Lymphocytopenia 

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ICL
 • Persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia
 •
Lymphocytopenia DIAGNOSTIC ... primary or secondary immune ... ASSOCIATIONS W/ LOW ... • Infections - HIV ... #Differential #Causes