19 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... : • Most CNS opportunistic ... • CNS opportunistic ... Demyelinating disease ... and <25% culture positive
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... lymphoproliferative disease ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Nausea, Pulmonary Diseases ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... always exclude: CKD ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... pain • Extra-CNS ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... basal ganglia, CNS ... Skin lesions • Positive ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... diagnosis #management #signs
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Up: • Chem: CPK ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
of symptoms or signs ... inclusions or positive ... patient with HIV and CD4 ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... AIDS #diagnosis #differential
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
hypertension - CNS ... head in dependent position ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... #diagnosis #neurology
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
worsening of that disease ... pleural effusions, CNS ... pericarditis, peritoneal disease ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... Inflammatory #Syndrome #Differential