11 results
Calcium Homeostasis

Serum Calcium - PTH - Vitamin D Regulation

#Calcium #Homeostasis #Pathophysiology #Autoregulation #VitaminD #PTH #Endocrinology
Serum Calcium ... - PTH - Vitamin ... #Homeostasis #Pathophysiology ... Autoregulation #VitaminD ... #PTH #Endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin ... , ↓→Calcium, ↓Vitamin ... , ↑Calcium, ↓Vitamin ... Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
D and PTH. ... PTH acts to increase ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology ... #PTH #VitaminD
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Growth Hormone (GH ... activates lipolysis Signs ... - Soft tissue expansion ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Cholecalciferol - Excess Vitamin ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Usually presents ~5th ... malignancy Pathophysiology ... or refractory cases ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... following order; GH ... Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Diagnosis Decreased calcium ... absorption • Vitamin ... Syndromes Increased calcium ... #endocrinology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... • Bilateral signs ... T2 signal and expansion ... MS) • Check Vitamin ... Deficiency: - Vitamin