18 results
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Delays ventricular repolarization ... - Ventricular Repolarization ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... prolong AV node repolarization ... interval (delays time repolarization ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Vaughan Williams Classification ... , Ic) - Na+ Channel ... III - K+ Channel ... VaughanWilliams #Classification ... #Classes #cardiology
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
repolarization; ... changes in the ... causes peaked T ... in conduction causes ... #Progression #Table
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Negative U net charge ... Cell Problem - Low ... #Causes
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... Tower sign) and low-amplitude ... voltage Other Causes ... dissection • Sodium-channel