3818 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... increased bone Ca2+ resorption ... calcium)-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Malabsorption Syndromes ... resistance to bone resorption ... resistance to bone resorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
twitching CARDIAC CAUSES ... • Bradycardia caused ... (sick sinus syndrome ... NON-CARDIAC CAUSES ... Gradual onset & resolution
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... lung disease Caused ... almost uniform resolution ... features - Complete resolution ... hepatopulmonary #syndrome
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... dyskinesia • Young syndrome ... • HRCT (high-resolution
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
spike and rapid resolution ... Non-Infectious Causes ... disease • Behcet's syndrome ... • Hyper-IgD syndrome ... receptor-associated periodic syndrome
Serotonin Syndrome - THINK: FAST
 - FAST onset
 - FAST movements (agitation, akathisia, HYPERreflexia)
 - FAST
Serotonin Syndrome ... HYPERreflexia) - FAST resolution ... Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ... HYPOreflexia - SLOW resolution ... NeurolepticMalignant #Syndrome
When trying to differentiate between the two conditions think “FAST” with Serotonin Syndrome and “SLOW” with
with Serotonin Syndrome ... Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ... Serotonin Syndrome ... HYPERreflexia) - FAST resolution ... HYPOreflexia - SLOW resolution
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Hyperthermic Syndromes - This table summarizes the similarities and differences between some toxicologic causes of hyperthermic
Hyperthermic Syndromes ... some toxicologic causes ... of hyperthermic syndromes ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Hyperthermic #Syndromes