10 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... Lung cancer • Renal ... if unexpected hypotension ... Orthostasis • Hypotension ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Pathophysiology Comparison ... in blood flow caused ... hypovolemia and hypotension ... leading to organ failure
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... mediastinitis, chronic renal ... failure #Pulmonary ... PHTN #Classification ... #Differential #Causes
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
the setting of hypotension ... depressed) • Renal ... vomiting/diarrhea), renal ... #differential #causes ... #classification
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
the setting of hypotension ... depressed) • Renal ... vomiting/diarrhea), renal ... #differential #causes ... #classification
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... - Malignant Hypertension ... - Renal Insufficiency ... ischemia - Heart failure ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... orthostasis: postural hypotension ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
or acute liver failure ... vasodilation → ↓ renal ... perfusion + ↑ renal ... • Renal vasoconstriction ... Classification:
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
lower risk of renal ... failure. ... cardiac output causes ... precede other signs ... #criticalcare #comparison