1018 results
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Diplopia - Lid retraction ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
- Convergence retraction ... nystagmus - Eyelid retraction
Breast Cancer - Visible Signs on Physical Examination:

Retraction, Abnormal Contours, Skin Dimpling, Nipple Retraction, Edema, Paget's
Examination: Retraction ... Dimpling, Nipple Retraction
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
on the Kidney - Pathophysiology ... Idiosyncratic immune reaction ... nephrology #Effects #pathophysiology
Diabetes Pathophysiology and Medication Targets

The ominous octet is one concept that summarizes the different pathophysiologic pathways
Diabetes Pathophysiology ... the different pathophysiologic ... #Diabetes #Pathophysiology
Convergence Retraction Nystagmus with a left 6th nerve palsy

Caused by a Midbrain hemorrhage

Dr. Boby Varkey Maramattom
Convergence Retraction ... #Convergence #retraction
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
constipation • Allergic reaction ... mediated cytotoxic reaction ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Allergic Reaction Classification
Type 1 reaction: Acute anaphylactic reaction
Type 2 reaction: Cytotoxic reaction
Type 3 reaction: Immune complex
Type
Allergic Reaction ... Type 2 reaction ... : Cytotoxic reaction ... Type 3 reaction ... #Allergic #Reaction
Thyroid Eye Signs 
Lid Signs
    Dalrymple’s Sign: Lid Retraction.
    Von
Dalrymple’s Sign: Lid Retraction ... Increased lid retraction ... superioris muscle with retraction ... Ballet Sign: Restriction
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
• Convergence retraction ... nystagmus • Eyelid retraction