8 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Auto-amplification loop Diagnosis ... +++: Virus (EBV, ... biologics (CMV +++, EBV ... of emergency, ICU ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Glomerular Proteinuria (Positive ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... HSP • Post-infectious ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... : - ANCA-positive ... allopurinol), Infection ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... effect/Edema • EBV ... and <25% culture positive ... #differential #diagnosis
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... virus • CMV • EBV ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... #neurology #meningitis
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia (ICL) / Lymphocytopenia 

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ICL
 • Persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia
 •
CD4 Lymphopenia (ICL ... Lymphocytopenia DIAGNOSTIC ... myelodysplasia) • Infections ... EBV. CMV. ... #diagnosis #hematology
Septal Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

52yo worsening exertional sx and murmur. EKG nonspecific, Serial trops (-) 
EM resident
Serial trops (-) EM ... Admit ==> Positive ... Metoprolol - VCU ... echocardiogram #plax #cardiology